{"id":114740,"date":"2020-05-18T09:07:43","date_gmt":"2020-05-18T12:07:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fraterinternacional.org\/?p=114740"},"modified":"2020-05-18T09:07:43","modified_gmt":"2020-05-18T12:07:43","slug":"sphere-handbook-water-and-sanitation-fundamental-rights-of-humankind","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fraterinternacional.org\/en\/sphere-handbook-water-and-sanitation-fundamental-rights-of-humankind\/","title":{"rendered":"Sphere Handbook: Water and Sanitation \u2013 Fundamental rights of Humankind"},"content":{"rendered":"

Human emotions can wander everywhere.<\/p>\n

Even if you are looking for love, you will only find it within yourself.<\/p>\n

For every human being, their self is what is most loved.<\/p>\n

In this way, who knows themselves to be loved must not wound others.<\/p>\n

(Buddhist Poem)<\/p>\n

In the first two reports of the series on the Sphere Handbook<\/strong><\/a>, we addressed the foundations on which\u00a0the good practicesof humanitarian responses are based, and the\u00a0ethical and legal\u00a0framework that protects and safeguards the organizations involved in helping populations at risk. The third report begins with the Technical Chapters, upon which humanitarian players base themselves in order to provide efficient help to people at risk, with the support of specialists, besides the experience accumulated by the humanitarian organizations.<\/p>\n

Baixe o Manual Esfera em espanhol<\/span><\/a><\/div>
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It is not by chance that the right to water and to sanitation are basic guarantees in international legal doctrines and laws. But the image that comes to most people about situations of humanitarian crisis \u2013 whether as a result of armed conflict or a natural catastrophe \u2013 is that of a lot of tents in shelters and settlements, with a lot of trash, puddled water or sewage flowing out in the open. It is an image of chaos and precariousness.<\/p>\n

Most of the time, the scenario is very real. For this reason, the technical chapters of the Sphere Handbook go deeply into the question of water and sanitation. Those subjects are included in the WASH principle, an acronym in English for \u201cWater Supply, Sanitation, and Hygiene Development.\u201d In a crisis situation, the people affected are more vulnerable to illnesses, even dying as a result of infectious diseases, especially those which include diarrhea.<\/p>\n

The main objective of WASH is to reduce risks to public health, creating barriers to avoid the main routes of contact: hands, fluids, contaminated water, feces, food and vectors such as insects and rodents. The barriers that can stop the transmission of diseases are the primary ones, when initial contact with feces is prevented; and the secondary ones, when ingestion is prevented. In both cases, monitoring is done through interventions in the control of water, sanitation, and hygiene.<\/p>\n

\"Manual<\/a><\/p>\n

Faced with this scenario, increasingly present in various parts of the world, especially in Brazil, the Sphere listed a series of rules, based on the principles, rights, and obligations declared in the\u00a0Humanitarian Charter. The main WASH<\/strong> activities are:<\/p>\n